Are there situations where the groundwater table doesn't follow the morphology of the surface?

Question

In most or all geological site reports I read, the groundwater table (of the uppermost groundwater layer) always followed the morphology of the surface. Is this always the case? Are there signs for situation where this might not be the case, something I can see on the surface?

Answer 1

It's common that ground water flow follows topography. However, the presence of limestone in the subsurface is well known to cause exceptions to this. Cave systems can influence groundwater flow in the opposite direction of decreasing topographic relief. At the surface, the presence of limestone formations may be identified by the presence of sinkholes.