Andy C. answered 10/31/17
Tutor
4.9
(27)
Math/Physics Tutor
x y k
------------
3 -5 -5
6 -11 -14
6 -11 -14
x y k
------------------
3 -5 -5
0 -1 -4
-2*r1 + r2
Backwards substitution:
-y = -4 --> y = 4
3x - 5y = -5
3x - 5(4) = -5
3x - 20 = -5
3x = -5 + 20
3x = 15
x= 5
---------------------------------------------------------------
sufficiently sparse....
x y w z k
----------------------------
1 0 2 0 15
0 1 2 0 13
0 2 0 1 16
3 0 1 2 25
x y w z k
----------------------------
1 0 2 0 15
0 1 2 0 13
0 2 0 1 16
0 0 -5 2 -20
-3*r1 + r4
x y w z k
----------------------------
1 0 2 0 15
0 1 2 0 13
0 0 -4 1 -10
0 0 -5 2 -20
-2*r2 + r3
x y w z k
----------------------------
1 0 2 0 15
0 1 2 0 13
0 0 1 -1/4 2.5
0 0 -5 2 - 20
r3/-4
x y w z k
----------------------------
1 0 2 0 15
0 1 2 0 13
0 0 1 -1/4 2.5
0 0 0 3/4 -7.5
5 * r3 + r4
backwards substitution:
3/4 z = -7.5
z = -7.5*4/3 = -10
w - 1/4(-10) = 2.5
w + 5/2 = 2.5
w = 0
y + 2w = 13 ---> y = 13
x = 15
Gauss Jordan Method converts the matrix
to row echelon form, or upper triangular,
so that the solution is found by backwards
substitution.
To find the inverse, you must put the matrix
and the identity matrix side by side.
Then you use row operations to convert
the matrix into the identity matrix....
BUT all of the row operations done on the
original matrix must also be done on the identity matrix.
(much more extensive than Gauss Jordan elimination)
So what happens is the original matrix gets
converted to the identity matrix while at
the same time, the identity matrix gets converted
to the inverse.
This is done to the first problem as an example.
3 -5 1 0
6 -11 0 1
---------------------
3 -5 1 0
0 -1 -2 1 <--- -2 * r1 + r2
----------------------------------
1 -5/3 1/3 0
0 -1 -2 1 <--- r1/3
-----------------------------------
1 0 11/3 -5/3 <---- (-5/3)R2 + r1
0 -1 -2 1
---------------------------------------
1 0 11/3 -5/3
0 1 2 -1 <--- -R2
The inverse is
11/3 -5/3
2 -1
Multiplying the inverse by the original matrix
11/3 -5/3 3 -5
2 -1 6 -11
1 0
0 1 <--- YES!!! it works;
The solution is: A-inverse x B
11/3 -5/3 -5
2 - 1 -14
x = -55/3 + 70/3 = 15/3 = 5
y = -10 + 14 = 4
Notice it took 5 steps to solve the 2 x 2 this way...
The 4 x 4 shall be much more tedious.
Joseph J.
10/31/17