7, 16, 8, 27, 9, ?, ...
Look at the odd-numbered terms:
7, 16, 8, 27, 9, ?
They are counting up by one starting at seven. Based on that pattern, the next odd-numbered term would be 10:
7, 16, 8, 27, 9, ?, 10
Now look at the even numbered terms:
7, 16, 8, 27, 9, ?, 10
16 = 2*8 where 8 is the term that follows the 16. 27 = 3*9 where 9 is the term that follows 27. Based on that rule, the ? would be 4*10 = 40.
7, 16, 8, 27, 9, 40, 10, 55, 11, 72, 12, ...
There can be more than one rule that fits the limited data set. For example, 16 = 42, 27 = 33, so the ? entry could be 24 which is 16 again. That would be a correct answer as well, as long as you can establish a rule (pattern).