
Arturo O. answered 06/27/17
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I can answer the question about Justinian. Before the time of Justinian, the Roman empire had already split into a western empire with its capitol in Rome, and an eastern empire with its capitol in Byzantium. Justinian ruled in Byzantium during the 6th century AD. The code of Justinian was a collection of laws enacted by ancient Byzantium, not by Rome. Rome had already fallen after many invasions, while the eastern empire endured about another 1000 years. And yes, Justinian did make the code binding on the population.

Arturo O.
The Justinian code did keep some of the old Roman laws, but much of it was new. It also abolished many of the old Roman laws.
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06/27/17
Siddharth B.
06/27/17