Hello, thank you for taking the time to post your question!
The key to solving a question like this is accurately putting together a system of equations to represent the situation. For this one we have
J + A = 80 because there are 80 marbles total
A = 4J since Ahmad has 4 times as many marbles as Joe
If you substitute the second part back into the first equation it becomes
J + 4J = 80
Then solve for J:
5J = 80
J = 16
Meaning that
A = 4 x 16 = 64
What that means is that Joe has 16 marbles and Ahmad has 64 marbles.
I hope that helps get you moving in the right direction! Feel free to reach out if you have any additional questions beyond that :)