Describe the differences between “real” deviations from Beer’s law and those due to instrumental or chemical factors.

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Introduction to Spectrochemical Methods

Answer 1

One could probably write several pages on this topic, but here is a concise summary that may help you or at least get you started.

Real deviations are a result of the limitations of Beers law, and are due to changes in the properties of the system, usually at higher concentrations. Such things as chemical or physical interactions, aggregations of particles, etc.

Instrumental and/or chemical deviations are a result of issues with the experimental set up or conditions of the experiment. Such things as stray light, imperfect cuvettes, wavelength issues, etc.