Asked • 11/10/23

Proving Concave Quadrilateral is a Parallelogram

Given quadrilateral ABCD

with all interior angles less than 180 degrees,

and given that:

AB is congruent to CD

Angle B is congruent to angle D


Prove ABCD is a parallelogram


Dayv O.

see below where it si found the hypothesis is not provable.
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11/12/23

3 Answers By Expert Tutors

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Dayv O.

William, this is exactly my conclusion also. In Mathematics Stack Exchange,,,math.stackexchange.com/questions/2778045/if-a-quadrilateral-has-a-pair-of-equal-opposite-sides-and-a-pair-of-equal-oppos,,, a few experts disagree. The most compelling argument was the one with a cord in circle. It seems there is some disagreement on this.
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11/11/23

Dayv O.

Also, if it can be proven with trigonometry, then it can be proved with geometry,
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11/11/23

William C.

tutor
Hi Dayv! The question in the Mathematics Stack Exchange discussion doesn't include the condition that it's a concave quadrilateral. So some the discussion/disagreement and the odd-looking, nonconcave figure doesn't apply to the question here. I think a proof based on Law of Sines is solid.
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11/12/23

William C.

tutor
Once the congruence of ∠DAC and ∠BCA (alternate interior where the diagonal AC is the transverse) are established you can also directly prove both pairs of opposite sides are parallel.
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11/12/23

Dayv O.

I expect that the contention is related non-concave quadrilaterals. Later I expect to find the exact mistakes on math stack.
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11/12/23

William C.

tutor
Strictly speaking sin(δ) = sin(θ) doesn't mean δ = θ as I say in my the proof I suggested above. It means either δ = θ or δ = 180 – θ. (I realized this when I wrote out the proof but, maybe deceived by my own figure, I didn't think it mattered). As I consider this and take a more careful look at the Mathematics Stack Exchange discussion, I think I have a flawed proof.
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11/12/23

William C.

tutor
I am beginning to think that the given information: (1) AB is congruent to CD, and (2) Angle B is congruent to angle D might not prove that the quadrilateral is a parallelogram after all!
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11/12/23

William C.

tutor
Once again, Dayv, I'm learning a lot from our discussion! And I value this.
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11/12/23

Dayv O.

grazie as they say in Italy, aka thanks helping me learn.
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11/12/23

Dayv O. answered • 11/12/23

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Caring Super Enthusiastic Knowledgeable Trigonometry Tutor

Mark M. answered • 11/11/23

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Dayv O.

Mark, please see math.stackexchange.com/questions/2778045/if-a-quadrilateral-has-a-pair-of-equal-opposite-sides-and-a-pair-of-equal-oppos,,,,I think those answers are incorrect, but there is some sort of disagreement in the math community.
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11/11/23

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