Brian L. answered 10/08/23
Board Certified Oncology Pharmacist and Pharmacotherapy Specialist
The number of correct answers out of (n = 10) questions is a binomial random variable (denoted x) with probability of “success” on each trial (question) equal to (1÷6) and probability of “failure” equal to (5÷6). The binomial formula for calculating the probability of k successes P(x = k) in n identical trials with probability of success of each trial p and probability of failure on each trial q is P(x = k) = (n!)÷[k!(n-k)!]×pk×qn-k
Since the passing grade is 60% and there are 10 questions, the probability of passing the exam is the sum of the binomial probabilities of 6 through 10 successes. That is
P(pass) = P(x = 6) + P(x = 7) + P(x = 8) + P(x = 9) + P(x = 10)
The individual binomial probabilities are calculated as follows:
P(x = 6) = (10!)÷(6!4!)×(1÷6)6×(5÷6)4≈ 0.00217
P(x = 7) = (10!)÷(7!3!)×(1÷6)7×(5÷6)3 ≈ 0.00248
P(x = 8) = (10!)÷(8!2!)×(1÷6)8×(5÷6)2 ≈ 0.0000186
P(x = 9) = (10!)÷(9!1!)×(1÷6)9×(5÷6)1 ≈ 8.27 × 10-7
P(x = 10) = (10!)÷(10!0!)×(1÷6)10(5÷6)0 ≈ 1.65 × 10-8
The sum of these probabilities should be about 0.00467