Evaluation of both the sine and cosine function require knowing the length of the hypotenuse. In this case that can be found using the Pythagorean theorem.
c2 = a2 + b2 (where c is the hypotenuse)
c2 =32 + 42
c2 =25
c = 5
sin(x) = opp./ hyp.
sin(x) = 3/5
cos(y) = adj./hyp.
cos(y) = 3/5
The special relationship between sine and cosine is that sine of any angle is equal to the cosine of that angle's complement and vice versa.