Mae:
Good question.
Your question ultimately boils down to leadership. Thus, we must ask the question: "What is leadership?" At its core, leadership is influence. A leader who cannot influence is not leading. Therefore, government and business leaders must develop influence in order to lead.
How is that leadership (i.e.: influence) developed? I submit that leadership is developed by two principles: consistency and transparency (there are certainly more, but we'll only focus on two.) First, consistency. Leaders must be consistent in their dealings with their followers or employees. Leaders who are not consistent in messaging, approach, character, etc. will not lead for long. Consider Winston Churchill leading up the WWII and his leadership during the War. He spent the Pre-War years warning of the "gathering storm" and then when his time for leadership came as Prime Minister, he was consistent with his character and in his interactions with both his Cabinet and the British People.
Second, transparency. Leaders must be open (with limitations) with their people. Transparency can take many forms. It might look like leaders asking for insight from others or admitting when they are wrong. When a decision goes south, taking ownership is also required (which covers both of the traits listed above and others). To the point of transparency with limits, I give this example: The US Government has vast intelligence resources. We are made aware of potential threats and are often "briefed" by government officials following a success or failure from the intelligence community (IC). However, we are not told everything the IC knows and for good reason, too.
For further consideration:
https://carnegieendowment.org/2014/10/20/accountability-transparency-participation-and-inclusion-new-development-consensus-pub-56968
https://albertmohler.com/2017/03/09/briefing-03-09-17
https://www.amazon.com/Gathering-Storm-Second-World-War/dp/039541055X
