In a triangle the sum of the lengths of any two sides is greater than the length of the 3rd side.
a) 16, 9, 8
sum of 16 and 9 = 25 > 8
sum of 16 and 8 = 24 > 9
sum of 8 and 8 = 17 > 16
this is a triangle
b) 28, 15, 12
sum of 15 and 12 = 27 < 28
not a triangle
c) 40, 26, 13
sum of 26 and 13 = 39 < 40
not a triangle
d) 3, 2, 1
sum of 2 and 1 = 3 = 3
not a triangle
only a) is a triangle