Since the average height is the total height divided by the total number of students, we can write this equation:
(71)(50) + x = 70.5
51
Where x = the height of the 51st student and (71)(50) is the total height of the first 50. If we solve the equation for x, we have
x = (70.5) (51) - (71) (50)
x = 45.5 inches