Explain the chromatographic separation of a mixture of three dyes

Answer 1

This is a pretty general question. It would help to know the type of separation being affected and the nature of the three dyes. In general, chromatographic separation is based on differences in solubility/polarity and partition of the compounds of interest and the matrix and solvent used. If you have a polar solvent (eluent), the more polar compounds in the mixture will travel further/faster than the non polar. This is just an example of the principle but there is much more to it.