Chemistry: separation techniques (filtration, crystallization, distillation and chromatography)

Question

I have question about separation techniques.

1)what property of food colourings enable them to separated.?

2)on the distillate what does the silver nitrate solution indicate?

3)the sodium chloride and copper II chloride were able to completely separate by using ethnol as a solvent. Explain why this is possible using etnanol but not when water was used as a solvent?

4) explain the solubilities of sodium chloride and copperII chloride?

5)what property enable us to separate the sodium chloride /sand mixture?

Answer 1

1) If being separated by chromatography, it is usually their solubility in the mobile phase that enables them to be separated.

2) That depends on what you are distilling. You did not provide enough information.

3) The sodium chloride and copper chloride would both be appreciably soluble in water, but would have differential solubility in ethanol with sodium chloride being less soluble in ethanol than would be the copper chloride. Maybe this has to do with recrystallization, but again you didn't mention thjat.

4) Not sure what you want here. Again, not enough information. Explain the solubilities of sodium chloride and copper II chloride in what? See answer to #3.

5) Sodium chloride is soluble in water and sand is not. So, solubility enables the separation. You would simply filter the mixture and sand will be retained on the filter while the solution of sodium chloride will pass through into the filtrate.