Andrei K. answered 07/09/19
Yale Math PhD: SAT prep, gifted-child math and physics
I am assuming that there is a [distant] light source somewhere, so that there is a lit portion, and a shaded portion, to the sphere. If so, the boundary between the two portions defines the plane [through the center of the sphere, if the light source is distant enough] perpendicular to the direction towards the light source. Understanding that would be the first step towards solving your puzzle.