Normalize values to sum 1 but keeping their weights?

Question

I am not really sure what this operation might be called, but I have some numbers, for example: 40 10 I need to format these numbers so that they form the sum 1, but they should keep their "weight". In this specific case 40 would become 0.80, and 10 would become 0.2 But if I have more values (like 40, 10, 25, 5 for example), I am really lost because I don't know the formula. If anybody can help, could he please reply in words (for example: "Sum up all values then divide through...", and not in a formula? I am really not good at reading formulas at all. Thank you so much!

Answer 1

Lets use the example you provided 40,10,25,5

1. add these numbers up you will get 80
2. divide each of the numbers by 80 you get 40/80,10/80,25/80,5/80
3. The sum of these numbers is 1.0 The individual numbers can be written as ,5,.125,.3125,.0625 or you can leave them as fractions.

Hope this answers your question.

Jim