Mark M. answered 02/07/19
Retired Math prof with teaching and tutoring experience in trig.
Use the Chain Rule: (Tan-1u)' = [1 / (1+u2)] u', with u = (a+x) / (1-ax).
After taking the derivative and simplifying, we get [(1-ax)2 / ((1+x2)(1+a2))] [ (1+a2)/(1-ax)2].
This simplifies to 1 / (1+x2).