This is a perfect opportunity to start with Exhaustive Enumeration (that is, consider every possibility).
Math classes now include smart calculators; they will soon include computer programmable smart phones.
Very simply:
N=1
FOR A = 12 TO 15
FOR B = 12 TO 15
FOR C = 12 TO 15
OUTPUT ( N, “:”, A,B,C, )
I F ( (A+B+C)>41 ) THEN OUTPUT (N, )
OUTPUT (“ “) /* Note: New line)
N = N + 1
NEXT C
NEXT B
NEXT A
1: 12 12 12
2: 12 12 13
3: 12 12 14
4: 12 12 15
5: 12 13 12
6: 12 13 13
7: 12 13 14
8: 12 13 15
9: 12 14 12
10: 12 14 13
11: 12 14 14
12: 12 14 15
13: 12 15 12
14: 12 15 13
15: 12 15 14
16: 12 15 15 42
17: 13 12 12
18: 13 12 13
19: 13 12 14
20: 13 12 15
21: 13 13 12
22: 13 13 13
23: 13 13 14
24: 13 13 15
25: 13 14 12
26: 13 14 13
27: 13 14 14
28: 13 14 15 42
29: 13 15 12
30: 13 15 13
31: 13 15 14 42
32: 13 15 15 43
33: 14 12 12
34: 14 12 13
35: 14 12 14
36: 14 12 15
37: 14 13 12
38: 14 13 13
39: 14 13 14
40: 14 13 15 42
41: 14 14 12
42: 14 14 13
43: 14 14 14 42
44: 14 14 15 43
45: 14 15 12
46: 14 15 13 42
47: 14 15 14 43
48: 14 15 15 44
49: 15 12 12
50: 15 12 13
51: 15 12 14
52: 15 12 15 42
53: 15 13 12
54: 15 13 13
55: 15 13 14 42
56: 15 13 15 43
57: 15 14 12
58: 15 14 13 42
59: 15 14 14 43
60: 15 14 15 44
61: 15 15 12 42
62: 15 15 13 43
63: 15 15 14 44
64: 15 15 15 45
Now, this becomes a logic problem. First, let’s simplify it as follows: “Three numbers (A,B,C) each range from 0 to 3, what triplets produce (A+B+C) greater than or equal to 6? ”
This is easier to understand:
N=1
FOR A = 0 TO 3
FOR B = 0 TO 3
FOR C = 0 TO 3
OUTPUT ( N, “:”, A,B,C, )
IF ( (A+B+C)> ) THEN OUTPUT (N, )
OUTPUT (“ “) /* Note: New line)
N = N + 1
NEXT C
NEXT B
NEXT A
1: 0 0 0
2: 0 0 1
3: 0 0 2
4: 0 0 3
5: 0 1 0
6: 0 1 1
7: 0 1 2
8: 0 1 3
9: 0 2 0
10: 0 2 1
11: 0 2 2
12: 0 2 3
13: 0 3 0
14: 0 3 1
15: 0 3 2
16: 0 3 3 6
17: 1 0 0
18: 1 0 1
19: 1 0 2
20: 1 0 3
21: 1 1 0
22: 1 1 1
23: 1 1 2
24: 1 1 3
25: 1 2 0
26: 1 2 1
27: 1 2 2
28: 1 2 3 6
29: 1 3 0
30: 1 3 1
31: 1 3 2 6
32: 1 3 3 7
33: 2 0 0
34: 2 0 1
35: 2 0 2
36: 2 0 3
37: 2 1 0
38: 2 1 1
39: 2 1 2
40: 2 1 3 6
41: 2 2 0
42: 2 2 1
43: 2 2 2 6
44: 2 2 3 7
45: 2 3 0
46: 2 3 1 6
47: 2 3 2 7
48: 2 3 3 8
49: 3 0 0
50: 3 0 1
51: 3 0 2
52: 3 0 3 6
53: 3 1 0
54: 3 1 1
55: 3 1 2 6
56: 3 1 3 7
57: 3 2 0
58: 3 2 1 6
59: 3 2 2 7
60: 3 2 3 8
61: 3 3 0 6
62: 3 3 1 7
63: 3 3 2 8
64: 3 3 3 9
Consider Item #16: If A=0, then B=3 (max value) and C=3 (max value). No other possibilities.
If A=1, what values can B and C have that total 5? (1,2,3), (1,3,2), (1,3,3)
Do this for A=2 and for A=3.
Alas, there is a formula for this (use it 4 times and take the sum).
For now, you may count the sums greater than or equal to 6 (which is exactly the same as the original sums greater than or equal to 41).
Kiriya P.
Thank you very much! I am not even aware of the term permutations. My lack of knowledge regarding this subject (and many other math related problems) is what lead me to find this website. Thanks again for the answer and explanation.11/15/18