
Christopher W. answered 03/16/17
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According to Wiktionary.org Fractals are:
A mathematical set that has a non-integer and constant Hausdorff dimension; a geometric figure that is self-similar at all scales.
The key being that it's "self-similar at all scales". You really should search the web for "images of fractals" to study some patterns; When you zoom into the image (if it is a vector graphic or extremely high def) you will see that it is infinitely composed of the same pattern that it (also) produces when zoomed out. It represents the way things appear to be in nature as well.
Wikipedia is a good place to start for further details:
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fractal