William, these kinds of problems are confusing, but it's easier than you think!
So 5/8 are for blue. This means that 3/8 were not for blue, right?
The word "of" in a problem means to multiply. 5/9 of those 3/8 remaining are for green, so 5/9 x 3/8 = 15/72.
Now, 5/8 + 15/72 are not red. 5/8 + 15/72 = 45/72 + 15/72 = 60/72 that are not red.
If 60/72 are not red, then 12/72 are red. 12/72 = 1/6, and 1/6 of the votes = 48.
Finally, if ONE sixth = 48, then the total SIX sixths of votes = 48(6)= 288.
Let's check. 288(5/8) = 180.
288 - 180 = 108
108(5/9) = 60
108 - 60 = 48 red votes
Bam. Hope this helps!