Min Y.
asked 06/16/22Figurative Universe (Quesiton in description)
Imagine a Universe where the average density of luminous matter is only 2% of the critical density, HOWEVER there is 1000 times as much dark matter as luminous matter in that Universe. What would be the ultimate fate of such a Universe? Assume there is no such thing as 'dark energy' driving the expansion.
A: That Universe will expand forever with a gradually decreasing expansion rate, and become cold and dark.
B: That Universe will stop expanding and re-contract, and will end at some time in the future in a "big crunch."
C: That Universe will remain static.
D: That Universe will continue to expand with increasing expansion rate and will become cold and dark.
1 Expert Answer
Havish I. answered 12/11/24
PHYSICS MADE EASY- FOR EVEN THE LAYMEN
The answer, I feel, is option B.
Here's why:
At the beginning of our real universe, we know that there was a big bang, that flung evrything radially ouward in all directions, along with a massive amount of energy. Here, we know that majority of the energy mustve gone into flinging the dark matter outwards. If, however, instead of the usual 2% luminous mass, 1000 times more dark matter was present than luminous matter, all the enrgy from the big bang would go into flinging the dark matter outwards, and as we know that dark matter is genrally assumed to be heavier then normal matter ( as the creator of the theory himself said), all the masses would have lower momenta than our initial bang, and thus, probably wouldnt be able to overcome the gravitational pull of dark matter (its just additional mass).....so, it would start pulling evrything towards it, resulting in a big crunch.....again, this is only a probability, as there may be many objects that were given the momentum necessary to overcome gravity.....I hope this answers your question.....
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Stefan W.
Critical Density is the avg density of matter required for the universe to just halt its expansion over a long time. If you just had the luminous matter (Stars and planets etc) it would just expand because there was not enough mass to pull it back in. But here with 1000 times as much dark matter, we have a total matter much greater than the critical density. Eventually gravity will win and start pulling everything back to a point (B) and have a big crunch/bang.10/05/22