chemistry question:

Question

Consider the following compounds and answer the following questions.

Name of Compound:

1. 4-ethyl-2,3-dimethylheptane
2. 3-ethyl-4-methylhex-2-ene
3. 1-fluoro-2,4-dimethylcyclopentene
4. 5-ethyl-3,4-dimethylcyclohexyne
5. propoxybutane
6. 3-ethyl-5-methylheptan-4-one
7. butyl propanoate

Questions:

1. Write the molecular formula for each of the compound.
2. Identify the class of compound of each.
3. Provide/Draw/Write the structural formula of each compound.

Answer 1

I like to draw the compound first. For #1, start at the end of the name: heptane, which tells you how many carbons and if there are double bonds. A carbon chain ending in -ane is all single bonds, -ene has one or more double bonds, and -yne indicates triple bonds. So the "heptane" portion indicates that it's a chain of 7 carbons with all single bonds. Then, starting from one end of the chain, you want to number your carbons (1 through 7). The "4-ethyl" means that on the carbon you've numbered 4, there is an ethyl group (two carbons). The "2,3-dimethyl" means that there are methyl groups (1 carbon) on the carbons you've numbered 2 and 3. For the molecular formula, the main thing to remember is that every carbon must have four things bonded to it, so if you only count three, that means there's a hydrogen on there too (hydrogens usually aren't labeled, it's just assumed they are there). There are other naming rules but hopefully this gets you started with the process and let me know if you have more questions!