Please help me with chemistry questions

Question

1. Using Polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis, if you had three ions of the same charge, but of different sizes, which would migrate faster.
2. Describe the difference in the matrix used in PAGE vs Agar electrophoresis. And also provide a link of structures if possible!!

Answer 1

1:The fragments with smaller sizes would migrate faster, the DNA fragments with smaller size should move faster because when an electric current is given the negatively charged DNA, it moves towards positively charged electrode and fragments of different sizes get separated.

2:agrose electrophoresis is used to separate fragments of DNA and RNA whereas PAGE is used to separate proteins and it will give better resolution, the matrix is used in gel electrophoresis has a porous structure.

In the agar electrophoresis, the gaps in their matrix are wide whereas, in PAGE the gaps are smaller.