Jeff S.
asked 05/24/21How would I write an conclusion for the following experiement?
Materials and Methods
In this experiment the independent variable will be the 6 given known solutions.And the dependent variable will be the unknown solution. In this experiment we will be testing the unknown solution B against the other given solutions to identify which among the six known solutions is the same as Unknown B.
Exquipment:
- 100 mL Beakers
- 500 mL Beakers
- Glass stirring rod
- Thermometer
- Hot plate
- Electronic scale
- Graduated cylinder
- Conductivity meter
- pH paper
- 1.0 M solution of acetic acid, CH3COOH
- 2.0 M solution of CH3COOH
- 1.0 M solution of sodium chloride, NaCl
- 2.0 M solution of NaCl
- 0.5 M solution of sucrose, C12H22O11
- 1.0 M solution of C12H22O11
- Unknown A or B
From the equipment listed, you may be able to conduct experiments for the physical
properties of each solution. Physical properties that can be observed and tested for each solution are the color, odor, density, boiling point and conductivity.
You will record your findings for each experiment involving the physical properties mentioned above. By the end of the experiment, you should be able to determine which among the six solutions has the same physical property as unknown B. In this experiment we will be testing for Density Determination and Boiling Point Determination.
We will test Density by using a graduated cylinder, to determine the mass of the solution at a constant volume (eg. 10mL). We'll measure Boiling Point by filling a test tube with a constant volume of the unknown solution and placing it in a hot water bath. We will then record the temperatures for the initial formation of bubbles up until the solution reaches a steady boil.
CHEMISTRY PROCEDURE
Before we begin the experiment you must first, put on goggles, gloves, and aprons, since there is concentrated acid. Next, label the un-labed solutions. Keep away from hot plates that can burn your skin. Handel glass with care. *When testing the boiling point of the acid, do it in a well-ventilated area, or in the fume hood for safety. *
DENSITY
1. Weigh and record the weight of a 10 ml graduated cylinder
2.transfer 5 ml if the unknown liquid into the 10 ml graduated cylinder
3.weigh and record the weight of the graduated cylinder with the unknown liquid
4. Record the volume of the unknown liquid
5.calculate the density of the liquid
6. Carefully clean out the graduated cylinder and repeat the procedure two more times.
BOILING POINT
1.Using a 500mL beaker, make a hot water bath.
2. On the heating pad, start heating the water in the beaker.
3. In a clean, dry test tube, collect a 10mL sample of the unknown solution.
4. Put a constant volume of solution in a test tube and place it in a hot water bath.
5. Using a thermometer, determine the liquid's temperature.
6.During the heating process, take a temperature reading of the sample in the test tube every 10-20 seconds.
7.Record the temperatures for the initial formation of bubbles up until the solution reaches a steady boil.
8. Keep an eye out for signs of boiling, noting the temperature of the unknown.
9. Once it starts to boil, turn off the heating plate, and record the temperature, and note it down in the table.
10. Clean up, and repeat process 2 more times.
Explanation:
In this experiment, we aim to identify Unknown B by comparing its density and boiling point to the same properties of the six known solutions.
1 Expert Answer
Victoria T. answered 05/26/21
Research Neurobiologist Available for Help with Science, Math, Writing
Your teacher might have specific instructions for how to write a conclusions section. For example, some teachers ask for separate results and conclusions sections and some don't. (If yours does, simply describe your results in the results section and then analyze them in the conclusions section.) But, here is what I would do.
- Describe your results. What were the chemical properties you measured for the unknown sample? What were those measurements?
- Compare those measurements from the unknown sample to the measurements from the known samples. Which known sample had measurements most like those of the unknown sample? Conclude that the identity of the unknown sample is probably the same as that known sample to which it is most similar.
- Did you make a hypothesis before conducting this experiment? If so, is the conclusion you just made what you expected when you made your hypothesis? Did you hypothesize that the unknown sample would be lemon juice and it turned out to be vinegar? Explain why your hypothesis was supported or not supported by your data.
- Did you run into any problems when you were conducting your experiment? Were your results inconclusive? Why do you think that is? If you were to do this experiment all over again, what would you do differently?
- Is there anything else you could do to confirm the identify of the unknown sample? Propose another property to test and compare.
- wrap up with one last sentence summarizing your results and the identity of the unknown sample
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Jeff S.
From the Origianal Data We calculate the average values for the density and boiling point of each solutions for comparison. UNKNOWN B Ave. Density (g/mL) = 1.02 + 1.05 + 1.08 = 3.15/3 = 1.05 Ave. Boiling Point (C) = 94.0 + 94.6 + 93.9 = 282.5/3 = 94.17 1.0 M CH3COOH Ave. Density (g/mL) = 1.01 + 1.03 + 1.03 = 3.07/3 = 1.023 Ave. Boiling Point (C) = 99.2 + 99.1 + 98.7 = 297/3 = 99.0 2.0 M CH3COOH Ave. Density (g/mL) = 1.03 + 1.03 + 1.03 = 3.09/3 = 1.03 Ave. Boiling Point (C) = 97.0 + 96.8 + 97.3 = 291.1/3 = 97.03 1.0 M NaCl Ave. Density (g/mL) = 1.02 + 0.986 + 0.991 = 2.997/3 = 0.999 Ave. Boiling Point (C) = 94.0 + 94.4 + 93.9 = 282.3/3 = 94.1 2.0 M NaCl Ave. Density (g/mL) = 1.02 + 1.06 + 1.05 = 3.13/3 = 1.043 Ave. Boiling Point (C) = 89.3 + 92.1 + 91.0 = 272.4/3 = 90.8 0.5 M C12H22O11 Ave. Density (g/mL) = 1.08 + 1.18 + 1.16 =3.42/3 = 1.14 Ave. Boiling Point (C) = 96.7 + 96.6 + 97.0 = 290.3/3 = 96.767 1.0 M C12H22O11 Ave. Density (g/mL) = 1.02 + 1.07 + 1.06 = 3.15/3 = 1.05 Ave. Boiling Point (C) = 94.6 + 94.0 + 94.9 = 283.5/3 = 94.5 From the calculated values, there are two solutions that showed results close to the values of Unknown B. 1.0M NaCl and 1.0M C12H22O11. Now, we need to identify which among the two solutions is the same as Unknown B. UNKNOWN B Ave. Density (g/mL) = 1.05 Ave. Boiling Point (C) = 94.17 1.0 M NaCl Ave. Density (g/mL) = 0.999 Ave. Boiling Point (C) = 94.1 1.0 M C12H22O11 Ave. Density (g/mL) = 1.05 Ave. Boiling Point (C) = 94.5 1.0 M NaCl Density: ((1.05-0.999)/1.05)*100 = 4.85% Boiling Pt.: ((94.17-94.1)/94.17)*100 = 0.074% 1.0 M C12H22O11 Density: ((1.05-1.05)/1.05)*100 = 0.00% Boiling Pt.: ((94.5-94.17)/94.17)*100 = 0.35% Since the computed percentage for 1.0M C12H22O11 is almost zero for both properties, we can therefore conclude that Unknown B is 1M C12H22O11.05/24/21