Please help me answer a question about confucianism

Question

Here is a paragraph from Chapter III in The Analects of Confucius.  

"If the people are guided by sanctions, and order among them is enforced by means of punishment, they will try to evade the punishment, but have no sense of shame, but if they are guided by virtue, and order among them is enforced by propriety, they will have the sense of shame and also be reformed."

The phrase emphasizes a person’s moral autonomy over the legal sanctions. Would people be guided by virtue in today’s society? 

Answer 1

From chapter II of The Analects of Confucius, he described how a person could follow what his/her heart desires without transgressing what was right at the age of 70.

Before 70, he mainly focused on cultivating virtue within. Once you come to this virtue, you become a "cultural person". Interestingly, it resonates with the Ancient Roman orator Cicero, who defined culture "cultural animi" as the development of a philosophical soul. Funny how ancient philosophers were able to connect without the internet.

Hope this helps.

Answer 2

"Would people be guided by virtue in today’s society?" Is this your assignment question?

Think about society. Why don't people break more laws? Are they afraid of being punished? Are they afraid of causing shame? Are they motivated to do good things?

Confucius is making an argument here against sanctions and punishments. Based on my general understanding of Chinese culture and Confucianism have a responsibility to fulfill duties to society and family.

One idea worth exploring would be differences in the way people are raised. Americans/westerners are more individualistic. You may also connect with your family culture or values. Decide how today is similar and different. A venn diagram would help generate ideas.

Good luck!