When and why did the practice of reading "Address to a Haggis" at Burns Night dinner originate?

Question

Many people and institutions around the world hold [Burns suppers](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Burns_supper) on or close to Burns Night, 25 January. Part of these events is the traditional reading of Robert Burns's ["Address to a Haggis"](https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/Address_to_a_Haggis)¹, during or after which the haggis is sliced open and served. **What's the history of the reading of this poem at Burns suppers?** How and why did the practice first begin, and how far back does it go? Clearly it's a Burns poem about food, and therefore suitable for a Burns supper, but is it the only one, or is there more to it than that? I'm curious about this tradition, since it's one of few occasions I've been to where the reading of a poem (other than grace) is an important part of a meal. ¹ _{Which I'd always thought was called "Ode to a Haggis". Am I wrong, or is this an alternative title?}

Answer 1

Any Scot will tell you that Robert Burns was the greatest poet ever. Unlike previous poets, much of Burns' works deal with the ordinary rather than great moments of history. Burns died tragically young, but was recognized as a great poet of his time. As the Scots moved around the globe (many due to the "Clearances") they kept the traditions of the homeland.

Burns' Nicht celebrations can be very formal and ritualized, or just an excuse for Scots to gather and celebrate their heritage. Often, after the supper there is a ceilidh (pronounced kay-lee) where the revelers will sing Scottish songs and recite Burns' poetry. Scottish Country dancing is often part of the celebration.

The "Address to the Haggis" is spoken directly to the haggis, not about the haggis; therefore, it's an "address" not an ode.