What is the difference between polar bonds and polar molecules?

Answer 1

Polar bonds are formed when the difference in electronegativity between the 2 elements is ≥ 0.5.

There are 2 types of compounds: ionic and covalent.

Ionic compound are always polar since the metal cation possesses a positive charge and the nonmetal anion has a negative charge.

For covalent compounds, polar molecules contain polar bonds and/or lone pair of electrons on the central atom. However, the molecular geometry (or shape) of the molecule decides whether the compound is polar or not.

For example, the compound carbon tetrachloride has a chemical formula of CCl₄. The C-Cl bonds are polar (have a dipole), however, since the molecule has a tetrahedral shape, the dipole (polarity) of each C-Cl bond cancel each other resulting in a net dipole of 0 (zero) making the compound nonpolar.