
Katharine B. answered 06/02/18
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The easiest way to begin is to switch the equations (and change the enthalpy sign!) to match the reaction.
So, we can tell that the third reaction: Fe3O4 (s) + CO → 3FeO(s) + CO2 (g) ΔH= 21.8 needs to flipped to this.
3 FeO(s)+ CO2 → Fe3O4 (s) + CO ΔH= -21.8
Looking down the list we can see that second reaction needs to be flipped to cancel out the Fe3O4 from the third equation.
2 Fe3O4 + CO2 → 3 Fe2O3 + CO ΔH= 48.3
Your full reaction synthesis will now look like this in:
3 FeO + CO2 → Fe3O4 + CO
So, we can tell that the third reaction: Fe3O4 (s) + CO → 3FeO(s) + CO2 (g) ΔH= 21.8 needs to flipped to this.
3 FeO(s)+ CO2 → Fe3O4 (s) + CO ΔH= -21.8
Looking down the list we can see that second reaction needs to be flipped to cancel out the Fe3O4 from the third equation.
2 Fe3O4 + CO2 → 3 Fe2O3 + CO ΔH= 48.3
Your full reaction synthesis will now look like this in:
3 FeO + CO2 → Fe3O4 + CO
2 Fe3O4 + CO2 → 3 Fe2O3 + CO
Fe2O3 + 3 CO → 2 Fe + 3 CO2
Now comes hard part. My preference is to tally how much of each species is on the reactant and product side.
Reactant side: 6 FeO, 2 CO2, 2 Fe3O4, 1 Fe2O3, 3 CO
Now comes hard part. My preference is to tally how much of each species is on the reactant and product side.
Reactant side: 6 FeO, 2 CO2, 2 Fe3O4, 1 Fe2O3, 3 CO
Product side: 3 CO2, 1 Fe3O4, 3 Fe2O3, 2 Fe ,2 CO
So it looks like to cancel out the Fe2O3 and Fe3O4, we'll need to find the least common denominator, which is 2 Fe3O4 and 3 Fe2O3. So you multiply the first reaction by 2 and the third reaction by 3.
The overall reaction will look like this when put together:
6 FeO + 3 CO2 + 9 CO + 2 Fe3O4 + 3 Fe2O3 → 6 Fe + 3 CO + 9 CO2 + 2 Fe3O4 + 3 Fe2O3
However, when simplified, it becomes:
So it looks like to cancel out the Fe2O3 and Fe3O4, we'll need to find the least common denominator, which is 2 Fe3O4 and 3 Fe2O3. So you multiply the first reaction by 2 and the third reaction by 3.
The overall reaction will look like this when put together:
6 FeO + 3 CO2 + 9 CO + 2 Fe3O4 + 3 Fe2O3 → 6 Fe + 3 CO + 9 CO2 + 2 Fe3O4 + 3 Fe2O3
However, when simplified, it becomes:
6 FeO + 6 CO → 6 Fe + 6 CO2
Which is the overall net reaction, by a factor of six.
Now, we can calculate the change in enthalpy (finally!), which is just adding up the ΔH values (keeping in mind the switching of signs and the multiplication) and dividing by six:
ΔH= ((2*-21.8)+48.3 + (3*-23.4))/6= -10.9 kJ
So the final answer would ΔH= -10.9 kJ
Now, we can calculate the change in enthalpy (finally!), which is just adding up the ΔH values (keeping in mind the switching of signs and the multiplication) and dividing by six:
ΔH= ((2*-21.8)+48.3 + (3*-23.4))/6= -10.9 kJ
So the final answer would ΔH= -10.9 kJ