Answer b) first:
presumably he pays $39 per month
then a)
presumably he has $740 saved
c)
p(12) = 740 - 39*12 ... you do the arithmetic...12 monthly payments means he has paid for a year and what does p(12) mean then?
d)
p(x) = 500 = 740 - 39x
subtract 500 from each side: 0 = 240 - 39x
add 39x to each side
39x = 240
x = 6 + a remainder---x is months--what has he done in 6 months?