
Courtney L. answered 08/29/25
History Teacher
Alexander Hamilton’s economic policies in the early republic were designed to build the financial strength of the new United States. As the nation’s first Secretary of the Treasury, he believed a strong central government and stable economy were key for survival. His major policies included:
- Funding and Assumption of Debt – Hamilton wanted the federal government to take on (or “assume”) state Revolutionary War debts. This would establish good credit for the U.S. and tie wealthy creditors’ interests to the success of the national government.
- National Bank – He proposed creating the Bank of the United States (1791) to handle government funds, issue stable currency, and provide loans to businesses. This was controversial, since opponents like Thomas Jefferson thought it gave too much power to the federal government.
- Excise Taxes and Tariffs – Hamilton pushed for taxes, such as the whiskey excise tax, and protective tariffs on imports. These raised money for the government and encouraged growth of American manufacturing.
- Support for Industry – Hamilton’s Report on Manufactures (1791) argued that the U.S. should not remain an agricultural nation alone. He wanted to foster trade and industry to make the country economically independent.
In short: Hamilton’s policies emphasized strong federal control, good credit, and economic modernization. They set the foundation for America’s financial system, though they also sparked debate that shaped early political parties (Federalists vs. Democratic-Republicans).