when a solid compound dissolves in water what happens

Question

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Answer 1

It depends on what type of solid is the solute is.  An electrolyte or a non electrolyte.

An electrolyte is dissociate and then water molecules will surround the individual ions and hydrate them. This essentially prevents them from joining back up together again and effects dissolution.

 

A non electrolyte will not dissociate, but water molecules will still surround the solute molecule and interfere with the intermolecular forces holding those solute molecules together.  Breaking the intermolecular forces, and hydrating the solute molecules effects dissolution.