
Bill F. answered 01/06/13
Experienced Teacher & Tutor in Round Rock, TX
To complete the square: we put the equation into the form ax2+bx+c = 0, or ax2+bx=-c, which is what we have with v2-6v=-91. the "a" in this case = 1, the "b" = -6, and c = 91. We can divide b by 2 (b/2) and add that to both sides of the equation (to keep it balanced): v2-6v+(6/2)2 = (-91) + (6/2)2
Simplify: v2-6v+32 = -91 + 32, or v2-6v+9 = -91 + 9 = -82
v2-6v+9 has two identical factors, v-3. Now we have (v-3)2 = -82
Take the square root of both sides: v-3 = √-82. But we cannot take the square root of a negative number (undefined), so we can show -82 = -(1)(+82).
V-3 = (√-1)(√82), = i√82 (√-1 = the imaginary number i)
v = i√82+3
Notice that the result would be much "prettier" if the original equation had been v2 - 6V = +91
Then v2-6v+32 = 91 + 32, or v2-6v+9 = 91 + 9 = 100
Then we would have (v-3)2 = 100, or v-3 = 10, and v = 13 :-)