If you are wearing nylon or wool, then the cat becomes negatively charged since the those materials give up electrons more easily than the cat's fur. But if you are wearing silk then the cat gives up the electrons to the silk, and the silk becomes negatively charged.
The object that gains electrons becomes negatively charged and the object that loses the electrons is positively charged.
One electron has a charge of - 1.6 x 10-19 coulombs. That should help you to figure out the charge on a whole bunch of electrons.