the physical and chemical properties of elements should be most similar within the same?

Question

a. period

 

b. group

 

c. quantum level

 

d. oxidation state

 

 

I figured it would was b. group

Answer 1

The chemical properties depend on the number of valence shell electrons since these electrons participate in chemical bond formation with other elements. The elements are arranged in the periodic table in such a way that the elements having same number of electrons in the valence shell are grouped together. 

Therefore the chemical properties of the elements present in the same group are similar. As for example the halogens (Group VII) made up of fluorine, chlorine, bromine, iodine and astatine. In fact since they all seven electrons in the valence shell they are therefore called halogens. All halogens exhibit similar chemical properties. It is true for all other groups. 

The physical properties like melting point , boiling point partially depend on the valence shell and it also depends on the type of interactions between the atoms of the element. Thus to some extent it shows similarity along a group. 

 

 

 

Answer 2

The answer is b. Elements in the same group have the same number of valence electrons and so interact with other elements in a similar way. They display similar physical and chemical properties. For example, the halogens (F, Cl, Br, I) all react similarly. 

Answer 3

This is a bit of a deceptive question -- the more you know, the more it will irritate you! The *chemical* properties can follow the group (stoichiometry of reactions, to some extent energetics as well).

 

But the physical properties -- the best you can say, is that the elements may vary MORE across a period than they do down a group. Consider N, P, As, Sb, and Bi -- these range from a gas vaporizing at 63 K to a metal melting at 544 K and vaporizing at 1837 K.  You wouldn't call these similar, EXCEPT by comparison with a period: say, Li to F, with C melting at 4100 K !

Answer 4

Hi Dana, yes you are correct it is the group, a nice way to check is via a periodic table, elements that are similar are "grouped" vertically, and those pesky periods are horizontal.

 

Quatum levels deal with spin of the electron, and oxidation or oxidized elements are positive with losing their crazy electrons.

 

The reason for the similarity in a group is due the outer shell with valence electrons. So in Group 1A, which contains H, Li, Na, K, Rb, Cs, Fr, they have one valence electron or some may have similar physical properties as well ex. Noble Gases.

 

Hope that helps ya.

Answer 5

Correct. Elements within group have similar structure of electronic shells, therefore they have similar affinity to electrons (electro negativity) and, therefore, have similar chemical and physical properties.

Answer 6

You're right, it is the group. The group is determined by the number of valence (outer) electrons an atom has, and this number determines its chemical properties. For example, the elements in group I consisting of hydrogen and the so-called alkali metals (lithium, sodium, potassium etc.) have one valence electron which determines their chemical reactivity.