I always like to use 'easier' numbers first where it would make more sense which way to divide to get the answer. What if they had said that after 12 months you had 24 vacation days? You would say, 'oh that is easy you got 2 days per month I just took 24 and divided by 12'. You would be right. So do the same, take the number of vacation days, 15 and divide by the number of months, that is 15/12 = 1.25. That is the number of vacation days the person is accruing per month of working. To get 5 more days would take 4 more months, 4 x 1.25 = 5.
All the best
Lori