
Dong-ryul Jeon J. answered 03/22/24
Professor of Physics, retired
Atoms and molecules vibrate at fixed positions, but the direction and amplitude of the vibration of each atom and molecule is random, so there is no net vibration of the solid object.

Dong-ryul Jeon J.
Correct. If you increase the temperature, atoms and molecules will vibrate more strongly, but the solid object does not move. To make the entire solid object move (displace), You have to apply a force externally to the solid object.03/22/24
Hailey P.
Perfect! Thank you!!03/23/24
Hailey P.
So, you’re saying the movement of atoms and molecules cancels each other out, and there is no vibration or movement of the solid object (item) as a whole, macroscopically, correct?03/22/24