Daniel B. answered 04/27/22
A retired computer professional to teach math, physics
If you want to determine whether an object is accelerating, that is easy,
because acceleration is not relative.
Only velocity is relative to a frame of reference.
In a sense you are right, you can measure mass to determine velocity.
But (unlike acceleration) mass is not absolute -- it is relative to a frame of reference.
By measuring mass WITH RESPECT TO a frame of reference, you can indeed determine its
speed WITH RESPECT TO the same frame of reference.