' The objects having polished, shining surfaces reflect more light than objects having unpolished, dull surfaces.' Explain this please

Answer 1

The smoothness of a surface affects how much light it reflects and which direction the light travels when it is reflected. On a rough surface small changes in location or angle of incidence may result in large differences in the direction and intensity of the reflected light. On a rough surface it's more likely that some of the light will be reflected back into the object. On a smooth surface small changes in location or angle of incidence tend to result in small changes in reflection. Think of the difference between bouncing a ball on a hardwood floor vs. a pile of rocks. On the hardwood floor you can predict with reasonable confidence where the ball will go and how far it will travel when it bounces. On the rocks the direction of the bounce is unpredictable and may change significantly based on which rock you hit and the location of impact. You can find a lot of information online by doing a google search for "specular reflection".