Hmmm. Nice trick question. One easy answer is that there is no typical modernist text. Modernism was/is not a thought- out school of art, but a reaction to what came before. Your clues are in studying those earlier texts.
Joyce (as well as Hemingway, Pound, Stein, HD and others) created art as they did in reaction to what had come before. Where earlier writers used exposition to let the reader know what was happening, they largely didn't; where earlier writers treated time as casual and liner, they did not; where earlier writers used internal dialogues that sounded much like speech, these writers did not.
If you'd like some more, please reach out!
Best,
Peter