Daniel B. answered 01/31/21
A retired computer professional to teach math, physics
I am assuming that the trip starts in the absence of gravity, because
if it started on Earth then the answer would be "never".
I am also assuming that the fuel burned by the thrusters does not reduce
the mass of the probe.
Let
m = 1597 lb be the mass of the probe,
v = 430 mi/min be the desired increase in velocity,
F = 900 mN = 0.9 N be the total thrust propelling the probe,
a (unknown) be the acceleration of the probe,
t (to be calculated) be the time it takes to reach the velocity v.
By definition of acceleration,
v = at
t = v/a
By Newton's Second Law
a = F/m
t = v/a = vm/F
= 430 mi/min × 1597 lb / (0.9 kgm/s²)
= (430 × 1597 / 0.9) × (mi × lb × s² / (kg × m × min))
= 763011.1 × (1609 × m × 0.45 × kg × s² / (kg × m × 60 × s))
= 763011.1 × 12.0675 × s
= 9208432.9 s
= 15.2 wk