the exclusive powers of each chamber of Congress.

Answer 1

Congress has enumerated powers (directly written in the Constitution) and implied powers, those deemed 'necessary proper' to carry out enumerated powers. You could say 'exclusive' but enumerated is more formal. The key powers that differentiate the House from the Senate are that the House initiates all revenue bills and writes articles of impeachment while the Senate approves all Presidential appointments and treaties and serves as the jury in an impeachment trial. Other differences include the House selecting the President in the event of an Electoral College tie and the Senate choosing the Vice President in that scenario.