What are the topics under modern physics?

Answer 1

1. Motivation — the state of Classical Mechanics circa 1895
2. Blackbody Radiation and the Ultraviolet Catastrophe
3. The Photoelectric Effect versus the wave theory of light
4. The speed of light and the Michelson-Morley Experiment
5. Gravity — Action at a distance and the perihelion of Mercury
6. Nebulae — fuzzy patches of light in the night sky
7. Four Revolutionary Theories
8. Quantum Mechanics
9. Special Relativity
10. General Relativity
11. The Big Bang
12. Some Philosophical Implications
13. All motion is relative
14. Space and time are not two separate things, they are aspects of a unified space-time continuum
15. Mass and energy are not two separate things, they are two forms of total mass-energy
16. Material objects and Information-carrying signals cannot travel faster than the speed of light
17. The observer is part of the system
18. You cannot measure a system without changing what you are measuring
19. The universe is inherently non-deterministic
20. Systems can exist in superpositions of mutually-exclusive states
21. Matter and energy are neither waves nor particles. They exhibit characteristics of BOTH waves AND particles simultaneously.
22. Some Physical Applications
23. Atomic Structure
24. Nuclear Physics
25. Particle Physics
26. Statistical Mechanics
27. Cosmology
28. Grand Unification