Tom K. answered 12/08/18
Knowledgeable and Friendly Math and Statistics Tutor
You can use a calculator and determine that k = 9.
However, solving algebraically, Square both sides. This will allow 3/2 powers, which we can't work with, become cubics.
Note that (x-y) ^ 2 = x^2 - 2xy + y^2
Thus, we have
(4+sqrt(15))^3 -2 (4+sqrt(15))^3/2 (4 - sqrt(15))^(3/2) + (4-sqrt(15))^3 = 6 k^2
Note that, while we still have (3/2) powers, (4-sqrt(15))(4 + sqrt(15)) = 1, so this is not an issue.
We have
(4+sqrt(15))^3 - 2 + (4-sqrt(15))^3 = 6 k^2
Then, note that (x+y)^3 = x^3 + 3 x^2 y + 3 xy^2 + y^3.
Lastly, note that, on the left, letting x = 4 and y = sqrt(15) and - sqrt(15), the terms with sqrt(15) to an odd power will cancel out due to the plus and minus.
Thus, we are left with 2 * (4^3 + 3 * 4 * 15) - 2 = 6 k^2
2 * (64 + 180) - 2 = 6 k^2
486 = 6 k^2
81 = k^2
k = +- 9
Squaring introduces extraneous roots. Clearly, (4+sqrt(15))^(3/2) > 1 and (4-sqrt(15))^(3/2) < 1, so the left side is positive, and k will be positive.
k = 9