Arturo O. answered 09/27/18
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A "lone wolf terrorist" commits an act of terrorism acting on his/her own, as opposed to doing it under the direction and support of a terrorist organization like Al Qaeda. To be called an act of terrorism, the goal must be to bend people's will through physical violence and intimidation, usually with a political objective in mind.
A hate crime involves violence directed against a specific people group because of its color, creed, national origin, gender, or some other reason.
However, in some cases the two are hard to distinguish.
As Lauren explained, the mass shootings may be caused by emotionally unstable or mentally ill individuals. Their intent is not so much to make a political statement. They just want to hurt others, who in the attacker's own mind, hurt the attacker.