3x2 - 12x = (3·x·x - 3·4·x)
Each term in the parentheses has a 3x in common, so factor that out. If you take 3x out of the first term, it leaves an x. If you take 3x out of the second terms it leaves the 4:
3x2 - 12x = (3·x·x - 3·4·x) = 3x(x-4) = 0
True when x = 0 and x = 4.