What's an x ray and a gamma ray ?

Question

I wanted to know whats an x and a gamma ray and how are they produced.

Thank you.

Answer 1

Generally, we consider x-rays to be electromagnetic waves in the frequency range of 10¹⁶ to 10²⁰ Hz.  X-rays are produced by smashing fast electrons into a metal target.  The electrons emit x-rays as they are rapidly decelerated on entering the metal. 

 

Generally, we consider gamma rays to be electromagnetic waves in the frequency range above 10²⁰ Hz.  They are produced during energetic nuclear reactions or nuclear transitions.

 

An important distinction to make between x-rays and gamma rays is that x-rays come from decelerating electrons, while gamma rays come from the atomic nucleus.