Edward C. answered 03/08/16
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Caltech Grad for math tutoring: Algebra through Calculus
If the 2nd nail costs 0.02 and each succeeding nail is doubled (which means multiplied by 2) then the 3rd nail will cost 0.04 and the 4th nail will cost 0.08.
This problem is simply asking you to continue this doubling process to get the cost of each of the 32 nails and then add up the cost for all of them.