How do I get faster at solving multi-step word problems on the SAT Math section?

Question

Learn how to break down multi-step SAT Math word problems with a repeatable strategy that builds speed and confidence. Perfect for students aiming to boost performance on test day.

Answer 1

Most problems are formatted such that each part of them can be written down as equations AS you are reading them. I only find myself needing to reformat occasionally.

For instance (question borrowed from Khan Academy):

As an object's depth below the surface of a body of salt water increases, so does the pressure acting on the object due to atmospheric and water conditions. The rate at which pressure increases

Pressure Rate...

is approximately 11 pounds per square inch (psi)

Pressure Rate = 11 psi...

for every increase in depth of 25 feet (ft).

Pressure Rate = 11 psi / 25 ft

The pressure at

Ok, they're about to give us a value for pressure. Not pressure rate (psi/ft), just pressure (psi). So I think we should derive a new equation where the feet unit is canceled out by a depth of x ft.

Pressure = (11psi / 25ft) * x ft...

The pressure at the surface of the water is 15 psi.

Ooh, not quite the right equation yet. When x=0 (depth is zero at the surface), pressure isn't 0, it's 15. So that needs to be added.

Pressure = (11psi / 25ft) * x ft + 15 psi

Rounded to the nearest foot, at what depth will the pressure acting on the object be 50 psi?

Now they're giving you a value for pressure, 50 psi, to plug into the equation you just built, and hey, look, we're solving for the unknown depth, x.

50 psi = (11 psi / 25 ft) * x ft + 15 psi

By the time I finish reading the problem, I've already written the equation I need to solve it. This works in a fairly linear fashion for nearly every math word problem on the SAT. You may end up having written more than one equation, and then you have some sort of system of equations to solve via elimination or substitution.

Answer 2

Multi-step SAT Math word problems can feel overwhelming, but the key is breaking them into clear, repeatable steps. Here’s the system I teach my students:

1. Identify the goal first — underline exactly what the problem is asking for.
2. Extract the givens — pull out numbers, relationships, and keywords before solving.
3. Work step by step — solve one piece at a time instead of juggling everything at once.
4. Check your answer quickly — make sure units and scale make sense.

With practice, this method builds both speed and accuracy. I also have students train in Bluebook (the official SAT platform) so they get comfortable applying these steps under real test conditions. When used consistently, this system turns multi-step problems into reliable point earners.

Answer 3

The SAT has predictable forms of word problems. That is not to say that every single problem is exactly the same, but if you do enough of them, you'll start to get familiar with them. So -

If you know word problems are hard for you, do as many as you possibly can in your own practice. Every time you do a word problem, you should:

1. Make sure you understand the problem and what it's asking;
2. Make sure the problem doesn't have any trick words/easily misread words (such as NOT);
3. Identify given information;
4. Identify what we want to know;
5. Think back to a problem you've seen before that is like this (because, again, once you do enough, you've seen a problem like this before);
6. Use variables as appropriate - if there aren't certain ones suggested by the problem explicitly, choose your own;
7. See if you can solve from there;
8. If you can solve, check that your answer makes sense;
9. If your answer is NOT one of the choices, recheck your process;
10. If you end up completely stuck, use your best judgment about the problem to at least try to eliminate one or two answers.

When you are practicing at home, if you get a question wrong, review the solution and the answer. Ensure that the solution/answer makes sense to you (and get clarification if it does not). Then set it aside and try the same problem again in a day or two. Recall is important!

Also, if you get a question right, still review the solution, just to make sure you understand how the problem works.

I hope this helps!