John L. answered 02/26/21
Naval Academy graduate with more than 10 years experience in teaching
Average rate of change is the slope of the line connecting the end points on the specified interval
Here, when x = -1, g(x) = -6 (I assume you meant g(x) = -5x^2 - 1)
at x = 4, g(x) = -81
So the run is 5 (4 -(-1))
The rise is -81 -(-1) = -80
rise/run = slope or -80/5