Jsoh, let's do this!
a. First, we have to find a common denominator. Turns out we are just going to multiply the two denominators together. Our common denominator is (1 + sin(q))(1 - sin(q)) = 1 - sin2(q) = cos2(q)
We have to multiply each denominator times the other numerator now.
As an example, 1/5 + 2/3 = 1(3)/15 + 2(5)/15 = 3/15 + 10/15 = 13/15.
Soooo, (sin(q)(1 - sin(q)))/cos2(q) - (sin(q))(1 + sin(q)))/cos2(q)
(sin(q) - sin2(q) - (sin(q) + sin2(q)))/cos2(q)
-2sin2(q)/cos2(q) = -2tan2(q)
b. You don't have all the info, but do it the same!